Unix ops lab

Capstone labs

Integrated junior-operator reviews that combine evidence, notes, and validation.

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01 Capstone labs Capstone orientation

Start the final operator lab by mapping host, identity, and filesystem.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · pwd, hostname, id, ls 02 Capstone labs Capstone log sweep

Sweep auth, nginx, and package logs for evidence.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · grep, tail 03 Capstone labs Capstone service map

Map service status, units, and listeners.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · systemctl, ss, lsof 04 Capstone labs Capstone web config

Review and validate web server config.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · cat, grep, nginx 05 Capstone labs Capstone permission audit

Audit SSH, web, and private note permissions.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · stat, test 06 Capstone labs Capstone network audit

Review address, route, firewall, and SSH client config.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · ip, ufw, ssh 07 Capstone labs Capstone package audit

Review package state and process state together.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · apt, dpkg, top 08 Capstone labs Capstone incident runbook

Write an incident runbook from gathered evidence.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · nano, grep, cat 09 Capstone labs Capstone hardening review

Tie hardening settings to exposure and identity.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · grep, ss, whoami 10 Capstone labs Final operator check

Complete the UNIX operator final review.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · printf, tee, sha256sum, history 11 Capstone labs Capstone website outage

Investigate a website outage using service, config, logs, and listeners.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · systemctl, nginx, tail, ss 12 Capstone labs Capstone disk pressure

Investigate disk pressure and log retention evidence.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · df, du, logrotate, find 13 Capstone labs Capstone suspicious login

Review auth evidence, SSH policy, firewall state, and notes.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · grep, journalctl, ufw, tee 14 Capstone labs Capstone bad deploy

Review deployment script, config diff, nginx validation, and rollback notes.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · sha256sum, diff, nginx, tee 15 Capstone labs Capstone unknown listener

Reconcile listeners, process owners, firewall, and service state.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · ss, lsof, ufw, systemctl 16 Capstone labs Capstone backup restore review

Review backup manifest, archive, restored file, and checksum evidence.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · cat, tar, diff, sha256sum 17 Capstone labs Capstone multi-signal outage

Correlate service, config, journal, listener, and capacity evidence for an outage.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · systemctl, nginx, journalctl, ss, df 18 Capstone labs Capstone verified restore

Stage, compare, archive, and hash a restored web artifact.

Capstone Checkpoint 8 minutes · cp, file, diff, tar, sha256sum

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Command coverage

Commands you will practice here.

pwd

Print the current working directory.

ls [-la] [path]

List lab files and folders.

printf <text>

Print formatted training text.

nano <file>

Open a simulated nano editor.

cat <file>

Print text file contents.

grep [-i] <text> <file>

Find literal text inside a file.

tee <file>

Write piped text to a lab file and keep it on screen.

diff <left> <right>

Compare two lab text files.

sha256sum <file>

Print a deterministic training checksum.

find [path] [-name text]

Search lab filesystem paths.

file <path>

Identify a simulated file, directory, link, or text format.

test -e|-f|-d <path>

Check path type in a training-friendly way.

tar -cf|-tf <archive>

Create and list training archives.

cp <src> <dst>

Copy a file.

stat <path>

Show lab file details.

whoami|id|groups

Inspect the learner account.

top|pgrep|kill

Inspect simulated process health and signals.

lsof

Show simulated files and sockets opened by services.

systemctl status <service>

Inspect simulated service status.

journalctl -u <service>

Read simulated service journal entries.

nginx -t

Validate training nginx configuration.

ss|ip

Inspect simulated sockets and addresses.

logrotate -d <config>

Dry-run a simulated log rotation config.

apt|dpkg|brew

Inspect simulated Linux and macOS package metadata.

ssh|scp|ssh-keygen

Practice SSH inspection and dry-run transfer shapes without network access.

ufw status

Inspect simulated firewall rules.

df|du|free|uptime

Inspect training resource and system health.

history

Show recent commands.