Links and media · Lesson 1 of 8 · 7 minutes

Links and media: Relative navigation links

A root-relative href resolves from the site root; a fragment targets an element in the same document.

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Your objectives

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1
Build relative navigation links
Build this first target: <a> (href="/unix/") containing “UNIX course”. Inspect the structure before checking the lesson.
Hint & worked example
A root-relative href resolves from the site root; a fragment targets an element in the same document.
The requested elements, attributes, content, and hierarchy exist outside comments.
```
<a href="/unix/">UNIX course</a>
```
Common mistake to avoid: A visual appearance alone guarantees the intended HTML meaning.
2
Extend the relative navigation links example
Extend your file to include: <a> (href="/unix/") containing “UNIX course”; <a> (href="#practice") containing “Jump to practice”. Inspect the structure before checking the lesson.
Hint & worked example
A root-relative href resolves from the site root; a fragment targets an element in the same document.
The requested elements, attributes, content, and hierarchy exist outside comments.
```
<a href="/unix/">UNIX course</a>
<a href="#practice">Jump to practice</a>
```
Common mistake to avoid: Replacing semantic elements with generic divs automatically improves accessibility.
3
Verify the complete relative navigation links pattern
Finish the pattern with: <a> (href="/unix/") containing “UNIX course”; <a> (href="#practice") containing “Jump to practice”; <section> (id="practice"); <h2> inside <section> containing “Practice”. Inspect the structure before checking the lesson.
Hint & worked example
A root-relative href resolves from the site root; a fragment targets an element in the same document.
The requested elements, attributes, content, and hierarchy exist outside comments.
```
<a href="/unix/">UNIX course</a>
<a href="#practice">Jump to practice</a>
<section id="practice"><h2>Practice</h2></section>
```
Common mistake to avoid: A visual appearance alone guarantees the intended HTML meaning.

Understand the pattern

A root-relative href resolves from the site root; a fragment targets an element in the same document.

Misconceptions to reject

A visual appearance alone guarantees the intended HTML meaning.
Replacing semantic elements with generic divs automatically improves accessibility.

The preview is a sanitized subset, not a full browser compatibility test.

Worked example and expected result

<a href="/unix/">UNIX course</a>
<a href="#practice">Jump to practice</a>
<section id="practice"><h2>Practice</h2></section>

A root-relative href resolves from the site root; a fragment targets an element in the same document.

Try a variation

Adapt the final example to a different project name while retaining its structure and relationships. A different context still needs a real browser and accessibility check.

Explain it

Which statement correctly explains relative navigation links?Replacing semantic elements with generic divs automatically improves accessibility.A root-relative href resolves from the site root; a fragment targets an element in the same document.A visual appearance alone guarantees the intended HTML meaning.

Apply it elsewhere

You reuse relative navigation links in a different project. What must still be verified?The meaning, relationships, and accessible names in the new document.Nothing; passing a single exercise guarantees every future use.Only whether the source code has the same number of lines.

Keep the momentum.

Complete the lab, then explain and apply the pattern.

Next: Links and media: Descriptive link text Try an incident drill

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MDN: HTML structure